加工精度达到 1微米的机械加工方法。精密机械加工是在严格控制的环境条件下，使用精密机床和精密量具和量仪来实现的。加工精度达到和超过 0.1微米称超精密机械加工。

The machining accuracy is 1 microns. Precision machining is realized with precision machine tools and precision gauge and measuring instrument under strict control environment. The machining precision is up to 0.1 microns and is called ultra precision machining.

精密机械加工的工艺效果是：

The technical effect of precision machining is:

①零件的几何形状和相互位置精度达到微米或角秒级；

(1) the precision of the geometry and mutual position of the parts reaches the micron or corner second level.

②零件的界限或特征尺寸公差在微米以下;

The boundary of the part or the characteristic dimension tolerance is below the micron.

③零件表面微观不平度(表面不平度平均高度差)小于0.1 微米;

The surface micro unevenness of the parts (the average height difference of the surface roughness) is less than 0.1 microns.

④互配件能满足配合力的要求；

(4) the mutual fitting can meet the requirement of combining ability.

⑤部分零件还能满足精确的力学或其他物理特性要求；

Some parts can also meet the requirements of precise mechanical or other physical properties.